IF CONDITIONAL SENTENCE (IF CLAUSE)

Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. 

Kalimat kondisional juga dikenal sebagai Klausa Kondisional. Digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa aksi dalam klausa utama (tanpa if) hanya dapat terjadi jika kondisi tertentu (dalan klausa dengan if) terpenuhi.

There are three types of Conditional Sentences:

Conditional Sentence Type 1

Used when the condition is possible and very likely will be fulfilled.

Usage of the First conditional

1. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.
2. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
   e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
   If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.

Examples: Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	present simple	WILL + base verb
If	I see Harry	I will call him.
If	Tara is not sick tomorrow	I will invite her to my party.
If	I graduate this year	I will go to Singapore for holiday.
If	it rains tomorrow	will you stay in my house?
If	Henri bring me the book	I will study hard.

Examples:

Hasil	Jika	Kondisi
WILL + base verb		present simple
I will call Harry.	if	I see him.
I will invite Tara to my party.	if	She is not sick tomorrow
I will go to Singapore for holiday	if	it doesn’t rain tomorrow
I will study hard.	if	Henri bring me the book

Conditional Sentence Type 2

Used when the condition is possible but very unlikely that it will be fulfilled.

Usage of Second conditional

1. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.
2. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now.
   e.g. If I knew her name, I would tell you.
   If I were you, I would tell my father.

Examples: Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	past simple	WOULD + base verb
If	I married Tika	I would live happily.
If	Rai became a politician	He would be president.
If	my friend came here	would you be surprised?
If	Riana told my father	what would we do?

result	IF	condition
WOULD + base verb		past simple
I would live happily.	if	I married Tika
He would be president.	if	Rai became a politician
would you be surprised	if	my friend came here
what would we do	if	Riana told my father

Conditional Sentence Type 3

Used when the condition is impossible that it will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

Usage of the Third conditional

1. Nature: unreal
2. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
   e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party.(But you didn't, and I have).

Examples:  Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	past perfect	WOULD have + past participle
If	I had married Tika	I would have lived happily.
If	Rai had become a politician	He would have been a president.
If	my friend had come here	he would have given us a delicious pizza
If	Riana had told my father	we would have a big problem

 

Hasil	Jika	Kondisi
WOULD have + past participle		past perfect
I would have lived happily.	If	I had married Tika
Rai would have been a president.	If	He had become a politician
My friend would have given us a delicious pizza	If	he had come here
we would have a big problem	If	Riana had told my father